Writing study: BrainWorld: A Structural-Prior-Conditioned Generative Model for Whole-Brain 4D fMRI Dynamics

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← NeurIPS 2026 oral writing corpus

Junfeng Xia, Wenhao Ye, Junxiang Zhang, Xuanye Pan, Mo WANG, Quanying Liu · Official NeurIPS 2026 oral record

Observed writing choices, not acceptance rules. This study examines the inspected manuscript version. It does not establish why the paper was accepted or that its presentation choices should be copied unchanged.

Figure, table and section ledger

Editorial contribution type: Domain-grounded methods & physical systems (primary).

Layout extraction, not a required paper template. Counts are distinct caption labels; a multi-panel figure counts once. Section spans are estimated from heading positions, including floats and whitespace. Method and limitations.

Canonical PDF

33 physical pages

Before references / appendix

≈ 9.09 page-equivalents

Main figures / tables

4 / 2

Attached appendix figures / tables

8 / 6

Attached appendix span

≈ 18.91 page-equivalents

Before references / appendix: ≈ 27.55%References / intervening material: ≈ 15.15%Attached appendix: ≈ 57.3%Estimated layout envelopes, not text/artwork area. Unresolved appendix boundaries remain within the undivided post-body material.

Source-bound correction: Top-level heading and reference/appendix boundaries checked against source PDF text. Bibliography titles/author initials, numbered contribution/property bullets, diagram steps, equations and TOC entries are not substantive headings. Section spans are page-coordinate estimates, not ink area or prose-only length. This is an author manuscript mirror, not a verified accepted-version template. Source layout uses physical single-column y/page-height, including equation-heavy pages.

Section-by-section lengths and source pages

The title/abstract/front matter precede the first numbered heading. A span ends at the next detected top-level heading, not at the last sentence; end-page whitespace is included. References and statements are listed separately. These are not measurements of text-only or artwork area.

Top-level heading	Starts on PDF page	Estimated span	Share of entire PDF
1 Introduction	1	≈ 1.24 pp.	3.76%
2 Related Work	2	≈ 1.44 pp.	4.36%
3 Method	4	≈ 2.56 pp.	7.76%
4 Experiments	6	≈ 1.94 pp.	5.88%
5 Discussion	8	≈ 1.33 pp.	4.03%
References	10	≈ 5 pp.	15.15%
Supplementary Material	15	≈ 0.03 pp.	0.09%
A. ROI baseline for comparison: BrainMAE	15	≈ 3.48 pp.	10.55%
B. Supplementary Results	18	≈ 4.89 pp.	14.82%
C. Details of Materials	23	≈ 10.51 pp.	31.85%

All detected figure and table locations

Main text

• Figure 1 · p. 1
• Figure 2 · p. 3
• Figure 3 · p. 5
• Figure 4 · p. 8
• Table 1 · p. 9
• Table 2 · p. 9

Attached appendix

• Figure S1 · p. 15
• Figure S2 · p. 16
• Figure S3 · p. 17
• Figure S4 · p. 18
• Figure S5 · p. 19
• Figure S6 · p. 20
• Figure S7 · p. 21
• Table S1 · p. 22
• Table S2 · p. 23
• Table S3 · p. 24
• Table S4 · p. 25
• Figure S8 · p. 26
• Table S5 · p. 31
• Table S6 · p. 32

Argument and organization

1. Problem and contribution

   Separates conditional future fMRI generation from representation-only foundation models, with anatomy serving as subject-level context.

2. Argument sequence

   Explains a spatial VAE, conditioned diffusion, rollout and representation extraction before generation, augmentation and transfer experiments.

3. Evidence and verification

   Full-finetuning and frozen-backbone tables are separate; modalities, metric directions and the effect-size marker are defined in captions.

Problem, claim and contribution

Separates conditional future fMRI generation from representation-only foundation models, with anatomy serving as subject-level context.

Introduction · Main paper

Argument and section order

Explains a spatial VAE, conditioned diffusion, rollout and representation extraction before generation, augmentation and transfer experiments.

Sections 3–4 · Main paper

Figures, captions and visual explanation

The overview combines motivation, dataset roles, preprocessing and architecture as labeled panels, with frozen components and optional inputs distinguished.

Figure 2, p. 3 · Main paper

Tables, comparisons and evidence

Full-finetuning and frozen-backbone tables are separate; modalities, metric directions and the effect-size marker are defined in captions.

Tables 1–2, p. 9 · Main paper

Appendix and reproducibility

Additional horizon results, median-performing qualitative cases and detailed cohort/preprocessing conditions support the main summaries.

Appendices B–C · Main paper

Clarity and writing conventions

The paper defines 'structural prior' as conditioning rather than an explicit Bayesian prior and disclaims biological causality.

Section 3; limitations, p. 9 · Main paper

What to reuse—and what not to infer

Transferable lesson: For a domain application, state data roles and information access, and separate reconstruction, augmentation and transfer as different claims.

Boundary: Effect size is not a significance test; generated examples are not independent biological measurements. This fMRI paper is writing evidence, not WSI-specific guidance.

Apply this lesson using the argument and evidence worksheet.

Inspection record and sources

Checked

2026-10-02

Reading status

Writing-focused manuscript scan + selected visuals inspected

Main text

Writing-oriented distributed manuscript scan of Sections 1–5, pp. 1–9; references pp. 10–14: abstract/framing, section sequence, substantive text windows, captions, evidence organization and conclusion; not exhaustive technical verification.

Appendix / supplement

Writing-oriented scan of Supplementary baseline, results, data, preprocessing and configuration sections, pp. 15–33; code and experiments were not executed.

Visually inspected PDF pages

3, 9

This is a writing-focused scan of the manuscript and the stated supplementary scope: framing, organization, visual explanation, evidence presentation and wording. It is not a line-by-line proof audit, reproduction of results or exhaustive scientific review.

• Public author arXiv manuscript 2606.17742v1; not verified identical to the accepted or camera-ready OpenReview revision · 33 pages